By The Associated Press

Published: Monday, February 25, 2013, 12:54 p.m.
Updated: Monday, February 25, 2013

WASHINGTON — After more than a century, the Census Bureau is dropping its use of the word “Negro” to describe black Americans in surveys.

Instead of the term that came into use during the Jim Crow era of racial segregation, census forms will use the more modern labels “black” or “African-American”.

The change will take effect next year when the Census Bureau distributes its annual American Community Survey to more than 3.5 million U.S. households, Nicholas Jones, chief of the bureau's racial statistics branch, said in an interview.

He pointed to months of public feedback and census research that concluded few black Americans still identify with being Negro and many view the term as “offensive and outdated.”

“This is a reflection of changing times, changing vocabularies and changing understandings of what race means in this country,” said Matthew Snipp, a sociology professor at Stanford University, who writes frequently on race and ethnicity. “For younger African-Americans, the term 'Negro' harkens back to the era when African-Americans were second-class citizens in this country.”

First used in the census in 1900, “Negro” became the most common way of referring to black Americans through most of the early 20th century, during a time of racial inequality and segregation. “Negro” itself had taken the place of “colored.” Starting with the 1960s civil rights movement, black activists began to reject the “Negro” label and came to identify themselves as black or African-American.

Still, the term has lingered, having been used by Martin Luther King Jr. in his speeches. It also remains in the names of some black empowerment groups that were established before the 1960s, such as the United Negro College Fund, now often referred to as UNCF.

For the 2010 census, the government briefly considered dropping the word “Negro” but ultimately decided against it, determining that a small segment, mostly older blacks living in the South, still identified with the term. But once census forms were mailed and some black groups protested, Robert Groves, the Census Bureau's director at the time, apologized and predicted the term would be dropped in future censuses.

When asked to mark their race, Americans are currently given a choice of five government-defined categories in census surveys, including one checkbox selection which is described as “black, African Am., or Negro.” Beginning with the surveys next year, that selection will simply say “black” or “African American.”

In the 2000 census, about 50,000 people specifically wrote in the word Negro when asked how they wished to be identified. By 2010, unpublished census data provided to the AP show that number had declined to roughly 36,000.

1. Kovacevic: It’s about time for these Penguins
2. Steelers veteran outside linebacker Woodley: ‘I’m good to go’
3. Steelers notebook: Slimmed-down Redman optimistic for 2013
4. Senators on cusp of ouster against Penguins
5. Neal, Iginla get back on track to lead Penguins
6. Penguins turn Game 4 into a blowout victory over the Senators
7. Pirates outfielder Snider certainly proving to be (big) hit
8. Steelers’ Miller watches, waits while teammates practice
9. Penguins notebook: Morrow sits; Bylsma changes lineup
10. Pirates notebook: Morton could be back in early June
11. Former Washington County judge charged with theft, drug possession

There are currently no comments for this story.
Subscribe today! Click here for our subscription offers.